PSG has now won the season-opening cup on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.